Glaucoma is often called the "silent thief of sight," and the name is apt. It is a group of conditions that gradually damage the optic nerve - the cable that carries visual information from the eye to the brain - usually without any pain or early warning signs. By the time most people notice a change, some irreversible damage has often already occurred.
That sounds alarming, but there is a powerful counterpoint: glaucoma is highly manageable when caught early. The key is detection before symptoms appear.
What actually happens
In the most common form, primary open-angle glaucoma, the eye's drainage system becomes less efficient over time. Fluid builds up, raising the pressure inside the eye. That elevated pressure slowly damages the delicate optic-nerve fibres.
Because the brain is remarkably good at "filling in" small gaps, peripheral vision can be lost gradually without notice - which is exactly why screening matters.
Who is at higher risk
Anyone can develop glaucoma, but the risk is higher if you:
- Are over the age of 60
- Have a family history of glaucoma
- Have high eye pressure, diabetes, or significant short-sightedness
- Are of African, Caribbean, or Asian heritage
How we detect it
A glaucoma assessment is quick and painless. It typically includes:
- Tonometry - measuring the pressure inside the eye.
- Optic-nerve imaging - photographing and scanning the nerve for subtle changes.
- Visual field testing - mapping your peripheral vision to detect early gaps.
Repeating these over time lets us spot change long before you would notice it yourself.
How it is treated
The goal of treatment is to lower eye pressure and protect the optic nerve. Options range from simple daily eye drops, to laser treatment, to surgery for more advanced cases. Treatment cannot reverse damage already done - but it is very effective at preventing further loss.
The single best thing you can do for your eyes is to attend regular check-ups, especially if you have any of the risk factors above.
If you are due an eye examination, or have a family history of glaucoma, consider booking a comprehensive assessment. A short appointment today can protect a lifetime of sight. Get in touch to arrange one.